The role of motor windings, the difference is surprisingly huge!
Shenjia Hydraulic
Published time:
2025-07-02
Windings are important components of electric motors. Some motors only have windings on the stator or rotor, while others have windings on both the stator and rotor; different motors have different winding functions.
Windings are crucial components of electric motors. Some motors have windings only on the stator or rotor, while others have windings on both. Different motors have different winding functions.
Motor windings consist of coils connected in various ways, often called armature windings. These windings play a key role in the mutual conversion of mechanical and electrical energy in motors. The armature windings of generators produce electromotive force, such as the rotor in DC generators and the stator in AC generators; the armature windings of motors produce electromagnetic force, such as the rotor in DC motors.
In AC motors such as synchronous and induction motors, the armature windings are located on the stationary stator, often referred to as stator windings. In DC motors, the armature windings are located on the rotating rotor. As the rotor rotates, current is supplied to the rotating armature windings through dynamic mechanical contact.
Synchronous and DC motors usually have another winding carrying DC current to generate the main magnetic flux needed for motor operation. This winding is usually called the field winding.
The location of the field winding varies depending on the motor type. In DC motors, the field winding is on the stator, while in synchronous motors it is more often on the rotor. Permanent magnet motors can use permanent magnets instead of field windings.
Correctly understanding the actual function and role of windings is fundamental to understanding motors. In a typical three-phase asynchronous motor, the stator winding generates a rotating magnetic field (excitation) and contributes to various losses during motor operation. The stator winding of a permanent magnet synchronous motor absorbs and converts electrical energy; comparatively, the no-load current of a permanent magnet motor is very small, while that of a typical three-phase asynchronous motor accounts for a certain proportion and is a type of reactive current.
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